| Word | English translation | From language | Word |
|---|---|---|---|
| abjad | alphabet/alefbet | Arabic | أبجد / abjad |
| abolisi | abolition | Latin | abolitia |
| akta | act (law) | Latin (via English) | actus |
| aktivitas | aktiviti | activity | English | activity |
| ad interim | temporarily | Latin | ad interim |
| Ahad | Sunday | Arabic | الأحد / al-Aḥad |
| ahli | community, expert | Arabic | أهل / ahl |
| agama | religion | Sanskrit | agama |
| akhbar | news | Arabic | أخبار / akhbār |
| aksara | alphabetic letter, key | Sanskrit | अक्षर / akṣara |
| almari (Indonesian: "lemari") | cupboard | Portuguese | armário |
| almamater | revered name for one's university | Latin | alma mater: wise and nurturing mother |
| amnesti | amnesty, state-granted pardon | Latin | amnestia |
| anggur | grape | Persian | انگور / angūr |
| angkasa | outer space, sky (literary) | Sanskrit | ākāśa "sky" |
| anugerah | award, blessing | Sanskrit | anugraha अनुग्रह "favour" |
| apam | kind of cake or hopper | Tamil | appam அப்பம் |
| arnab | rabbit | Arabic | أرنب / ʻarnab |
| askar | soldier | Persian | عسكرى / ʻaskarī / asker |
| asmara | love, passion | Sanskrit | smara |
| badam | almond | Persian | بادام / bādām |
| bahasa | language | Sanskrit | bhāṣā, Tamil பாஷை / pācai |
| bahaya | danger | Sanskrit | bhaya भय "risk, peril" |
| baki | remainder, leftover | Arabic | باقي / bāqī |
| bakti | homage, devotion, service etc. | Sanskrit | bhakti |
| baldi | bucket | Portuguese | balde |
| bandar | port/town | Persian | بندر / bandar |
| bangku | stool/chairs | Portuguese | banco / bank |
| bangsa | nation, race | Sanskrit वंश | vaṃśa "lineage, race" - cf. "wangsa" |
| bus | bas | bus | English | bus, from Latin "omnibus" |
| bayu (lit.) | wind | Sanskrit | वायु / vāyu |
| bendera | flag | Portuguese | bandeira |
| bendi (in Indonesian, it means "gig", different with "bhendi" in Hindi) | okra/lady's finger | Hindi | भेंडी bhēṇḍī, Tamil veṇṭi / வெண்டி |
| beta | I (as used by royalty) | the Moluccan dialect[citation needed] | |
| becak | beca | trishaw | Hokkien | 馬車,马车 / bé-tshia "horse-cart" |
| beda | beza | difference | Sanskrit | bheda |
| biara | monastery | Sanskrit | vihara |
| bidadari | fairy, angel | Sanskrit | विद्याधरी / vidyādharī "fay, sprite" |
| bina | to build | Arabic | بناء / bināʼ / bina 'construction' |
| bihun | rice vermicelli | Hokkien | 米粉 / bí-hún |
| biola | violin | Portuguese | viola |
| biskuit | biskut | biscuit | English | biscuit |
| bohsia | sexually active girl | Hokkien | 無聲 bô siaⁿ 'without voice' |
| bomba | fire brigade | Portuguese | bomba, "pump", or bombeiro, "fireman", lit. "pumper" |
| boneka | doll | Portuguese | boneca |
| bola | ball | Portuguese | bola |
| budi | reason, virtue | Sanskrit | bodhi, related to buddhism |
| buku | book | Dutch | boek |
| bumi | earth | Sanskrit | bhūmi "land" |
| cadar | bed linen | Persian | چادر / chādar "cloak" |
| cawan | cup | Mandarin | 茶碗,茶碗 / cháwǎn '“tea bowl” |
| cendana | sandalwood | Sanskrit | चन्दन / candana |
| cukup | enough | Mandarin | 足够 / zúgòu |
| dacin | dacing | scales | Mandarin | 台秤 / táichèng |
| dakwah | sermon | Arabic | دعوة / daʻwah |
| degil | headstrong, stubborn | Sinhala | ඩීගිල් / ḍīgil |
| delima | pomegranate, ruby | Sanskrit | dāḍima / दाडिम "pomegranate" |
| demokrasi | democracy | Greek | δημοκρατία / dēmokratía |
| dekan | dean | Portuguese | decano |
| denda | fine, punishment | Sanskrit | daṇḍa दण्ड 'rod' |
| desa | countryside | Sanskrit | deśa देश "country" |
| dewan | hall | Persian | دیوان / dīvān "administration" |
| dewi | Goddess | Sanskrit | देवी 'devi' |
| dirgahayu | "long live" (Dirgahayu Tuanku! - Long live the King!) | Sanskrit | dirghayu |
| deskriptif | descriptive | English | descriptive |
| dobi | laundry | Hindi | धोबी / dhobī "caste of laundrymen who used to wash people's clothes in bygone days" |
| duka | sadness | Sanskrit | duḥkha |
| dunia | world | Arabic | دنيا / dunyā / dünya |
| durjana | evil, wicked, malicious | Sanskrit | durjana |
| email | emel | English | ||
| erti (Indonesian variant "arti") | meaning | Sanskrit | arta |
| falsafah | philosophy | Arabic | Arabic فلسفة / falsafah, from Ancient Greek φιλοσοφία / philosophía |
| fitnah | slander | Arabic | فتنة / fitnah "upheaval, scandal" |
| forum | forum | Latin | forum |
| gajah | elephant | Sanskrit | gaja गज |
| gandum | wheat | Persian | گندم / gandom |
| garasi | garaj | garage | English | garage |
| garpu | fork | Portuguese | garfo |
| gereja | church | Portuguese | igreja |
| grafik | graphic | English | graphic |
| gratis (mainly in Indonesian usage) | for free | Dutch | gratis |
| guru | teacher | Sanskrit | गुरु guru 'heavy' |
| had | limit | Arabic | حد / ḥadd |
| halal | permitted | Arabic | حلال / ḥalāl |
| haram | forbidden | Arabic | حرام / ḥarām |
| harta | asset | Sanskrit/Tamil | arttam/அர்த்தம் |
| hartal | strike, civil disobedience | Gujarati | હડતાળ / haḍtāḷ, હડતાલ / haḍtāl (pronunciation with r via Hindustani ہڑتال) |
| haiwan | animal | Arabic | حيوان / ḥaywān |
| hasta | hasta (unit) | Sanskrit | hásta हस्त |
| hina | lowly, inferior | Sanskrit | hīnna |
| hisab | counting/arithmetic | Arabic | حساب / ḥisāb |
| humaniora (mainly Indonesian) | humanities | Latin | humaniora |
| huruf | word character/letter | Arabic | حرف / ḥarf (plural حروف ḥurūf) |
| ilmu | knowledge/science | Arabic | علم / ʻilm |
| Isnin (Indonesian: "Senin") | Monday | Arabic | الإثنين / al-Ithnayn |
| istana | palace | Sanskrit | āsthāna आस्थान assembly/audience hall |
| jawab | to answer | Arabic | جواب / jawāb / Cevap |
| jelata | the masses | Sanskrit | janatā जनता "community" |
| jendela (mainly in Indonesian usage) | window | Portuguese | janela |
| Jepun | Japan | Portuguese | Japão |
| jiran | neighbour | Arabic | jiran جيران |
| Jumat | Jumaat | Friday | Arabic | الجمعة / al-Jumʿah |
| Kamis | Khamis | Thursday | Arabic | الخميس / al-Khamīs |
| kaca | glass (material) | Sanskrit | kāca काच "glass, lens" |
| kamus | dictionary | Arabic | قاموس / qāmūs / kamus |
| kantata (mainly Indonesian) | song | Latin | cantata |
| kapal | boat | Tamil | kappal கப்பல் |
| kaunter (Indonesian: konter (alternative of loket)) | counter, desk | English | counter |
| kedai | foodstall | Tamil | kaṭai கடை |
| keju | cheese | Portuguese | queijo |
| kelas | class | English | class |
| kemeja | shirt | Portuguese | camisa |
| kepala | head | Sanskrit | kapāla कपाल "skull" |
| karena | kerana | because | Sanskrit | karaṇena करणेन |
| kuli | coolie / port worker | Hindustani | قُلى qulī (itself derived from a Turkic language) |
| karton | carton (classifier for packaging) | English | carton |
| kartun | cartoon (animated movie) | English | cartoon |
| kereta | carriage, car | Portuguese | carreta |
| kerusi | chair, stool | Arabic | كرسي kursii |
| kemah | khemah | tent | Arabic via Persian | خیمة / khaymah |
| kuil | temple/shrine | Tamil | kōyil கோயில் |
| kismis | raisin | Persian | کشمش / kishmish |
| kolam | pool of water | Tamil | kuḷam குளம் |
| koma-koma | saffron | Sanskrit | कुङ्कुम kuṅkuma |
| kompromi | compromise | The pronunciation (lack of the "s" phoneme) suggests that this was borrowed from French (perhaps via Dutch) | compromis |
| komputer | computer | English | computer |
| kurkuma | saffron, turmeric | Sanskrit | कुङ्कुम kuṅkuma 'saffron', influenced by Arabic كركم kurkum 'turmeric' |
| kongsi | share | Hokkien | kong-si 公司 |
| korban | sacrifice | Arabic | قربان / qurbān |
| kota | fort | Tamil | கோட்டை / kōṭṭai |
| kredo | creed | Latin | credō |
| kucai | chives | Hokkien | 韭菜,韭菜 / kú-tshài |
| kuda | horse | Tamil | கோடை kōṭai < Sanskrit घोट ghoṭa |
| kue | kuih | cake | Hokkien | kué 粿 |
| kualitas | kualiti | quality | Latin | kualitas, through Dutch: kualiteit |
| kurma | date | Persian | خرما / khormā |
| lancia | lanca | rickshaw | Hokkien | 人車,人车 / lâng-tshia "human drag cart" |
| lelong | auction | Portuguese | leilão (archaic) |
| lemari (Malaysian: "almari") | cupboard | Portuguese | armário |
| lirik | lyrics | English | lyrics |
| limau | lemon/orange | Portuguese | limão |
| lobak | carrot | Cantonese | 萝卜,蘿蔔 / lo4 baak6 |
| lungkang | longkang | drain | Hokkien | 龍江,龙江 / liông-kang |
| lori | truck/lorry | English | lorry |
| maaf | sorry | Arabic | معاف / muʻāf 'pardoned' |
| maha | great | Sanskrit | mahā |
| makmal | laboratory | Arabic | معمل / maʻmal |
| mangga | mango | Tamil | mangkāy மாங்காய் |
| mani | sperm, semen | Sanskrit | maṇi मणि "bead, jewel, gem" |
| manusia | human being | Sanskrit | manuṣyá मनुष्य |
| masjid | mosque | Arabic | مسجد / masjid |
| maya | illusion (religious) | Sanskrit | māyā |
| mentega | butter | Portuguese | manteiga |
| mi | mee | noodles | Hokkien | 麪 / mī |
| meja | table | Portuguese | mesa |
| melati | jasmine (jasminum grandiflorum) | Sanskrit | मालती / mālatī |
| merana | suffering, wasting away | Sanskrit | māraṇa मारण "death" |
| merdeka | rich, prosperous and powerful | Sanskrit | mahārdhika |
| merdu | melodious, tuneful | Sanskrit | मृदु / mṛdu "soft" |
| mesej | message | English | message |
| minggu | week | Portuguese | domingo (domingo means Sunday, "dominus" meaning "Lord" in Latin and "die dominicu" meaning "day of the Lord") |
| miskin | poor | Arabic | مسكين / miskīn |
| misi | mission | Latin (via English) | missiō |
| mitos | myth | Greek | μύθος / mýthos |
| muflis | bankrupt | Arabic | مفلس / muflis |
| mula | to start, to begin | Sanskrit | mūla मूल root, origin |
| munafik | hypocrite | Arabic | منافق / munāfiq |
| mungkin | maybe, perhaps, possibly | Arabic | ممكن / mumkin "possible" |
| mustahil | impossible | Arabic | مستحيل / mustaḥīl 'impossible, absurd' |
| museum | muzium | museum | English Derived from Greek, the "um" suffix is Latin | museum, from Ancient Greek μουσεῖον / mouseîon and Latin suffix "-um" |
| nadi | pulse, lifeline | Sanskrit | nāḍī नाडी "artery" |
| najis | excrement | Arabic | نجس / najis |
| nama | name | Sanskrit | nāma नाम |
| naratif | narrative | English | narrative |
| negara | country | Sanskrit | nagara नगर "city" |
| nanas | nenas | pineapple | Portuguese (itself from the Tupi language) | ananás |
| neraka | hell | Sanskrit | naraka |
| nihil | nil, nothing, zero | Latin | nihil |
| nisbah | ratio | Arabic | نِسْبَة / nisba |
| nota bene | actually, after look carefully, also | Latin | nota bene: note well, examine closely |
| nujum (in the compound ahli nujum') | astrologer | Arabic | نجوم nujūm 'stars' |
| nila | indigo dye | Sanskrit | nīla नील "blue" |
| nilam | sapphire | Sanskrit | nīlam नीलं "blue" |
| nisbah | ratio | Arabic | نسبة nisba |
| nobat | royal ensemble music | Arabic | نَوبة nawbah 'turn; changing of guards; bugle call; troupe of musicians' |
| Nusantara | archipelago (esp. the Malay Archipelago) | Javanese | nusantara |
| oknum | authority figure (police, soldier, prosecutor, judge) that perform unlawful or corrupted deed | Arabic | أقنوم uqnūm < Syriac ܩܢܘܡܐ qnoma 'person' |
| paderi | priest (Christian) | Portuguese | padre |
| pahala | divine reward | Sanskrit | phala फल 'fruit' |
| pahlawan | hero/warrior | Persian | پهلوان / pahlavān |
| pancaragam | musical band | Sanskrit | pañca पञ्च "five" + rāga राग "melody/tune/musical note" |
| pau | steamed bun | Portuguese | pão (bread). (This word is also behind "pau"/"pav" in Indian languages or "bāo" 包 in Chinese) |
| perkasa | mighty | Sanskrit | prakāśa प्रकाश "enlightened" |
| permaisuri | supreme lady, queen | Sanskrit | परम parama 'supreme' + ईश्वरी īśvarī 'female ruler', via Tamil பரமேஸ்வரி paramēsvari |
| perpustakaan | library | Sanskrit | base word "pustaka" is the Sanskrit word for "book" |
| pesta | party | Portuguese | festa |
| pasar | market, bazaar | Persian | بازار / bāzār / pazar |
| peta | map | Tamil | paṭam படம் 'cloth; picture' |
| perdana menteri | prime minister | Sanskrit | pradhānamantri प्रधानमन्त्रिन् |
| pertama | first | Sanskrit | prathama प्रथम |
| pertiwi | native soil, motherland | Sanskrit | pṛthivī पृथिवी/pṛthvī पृथ्वी "Prithvi", mother goddess of the earth |
| piala | cup (in the sense of a trophy) | Persian | پیاله / piyālah |
| pisau | knife | Mandarin | 匕首 / bi shou |
| pita | tape | Portuguese | fita |
| puasa | fasting | Sanskrit | upavasa |
| puja | idolize, worship | Sanskrit | pūjā पूजा |
| punggok | pungguk | owl, stump | Pe̍h-ōe-jī | 凤狗,鳳狗 / hōng-káu |
| punya | possessive verb | Sanskrit | puṇya पुण्य merit, deserving |
| pura | Hindu temple, city | Sanskrit | pura city/walled enclosure |
| purnama | (of the moon) full | Sanskrit | root pūrṇa पूर्ण - cf. "sampurṇa" |
| putra | putera | prince | Sanskrit | putra "(royal) son" |
| purba | ancient | Sanskrit | purva 'past' |
| rahasia | rahsia | secret | Sanskrit | rahasya रहस्य "mystery" |
| raja | king | Sanskrit | rājā |
| Rabu | Wednesday | Arabic | الأربعاء / al-Arbaʻāʼ |
| raksasa | monster | Sanskrit | rākṣasa राक्षस demon |
| rasa | taste | Sanskrit | rasa रस |
| ratna | jewel, gemstone | Sanskrit | ratna रत्न |
| renda | lace | Portuguese | renda |
| risiko | risk | Dutch | risico |
| roda | wheel | Portuguese | roda |
| ronda | verb, to patrol | Portuguese | verb rondar or noun ronda |
| rokok | cigarette | Dutch | roken "to smoke" |
| roti | bread | Hindi | रोटी roṭī 'bread' |
| rupa | shape, form, appearance | Sanskrit | rūpa रूप |
| sabda | quote, say | Sanskrit | śabda शब्द "word" |
| Sabtu | Saturday | Arabic | السبت / al-Sabt |
| sabun | soap | Arabic | صابون ṣābūn < Latin sabão < Portuguese |
| sahaja | casual, relaxed (e.g. duduk bersahaja "seated casually") | Sanskrit | sahaja सहज "natural" |
| sains | science | English | science |
| sama | same | Sanskrit | sama |
| samseng | gangster | Hokkien | 三牲 / sam-sing |
| sakti | miraculous power | Sanskrit | शक्ति śakti |
| salju | salji | snow | Arabic | ثلج thalj |
| sekolah | school | Portuguese | escola |
| seks | sex | English | sex, from Latin |
| selamat | safe, well-being | Arabic | سلامات salāmāt, used for greeting phrases as 'selamat pagi', etc. |
| Selasa | Tuesday | Arabic | الثلاثاء / al-Thulāthāʼ |
| sempurna | perfect, complete | Sanskrit | sampūrṇa संपूर्ण complete(d) - cf. "purnama" |
| sengsara | Suffering | Sanskrit | saṁsara |
| Senin (Malaysian: "Isnin") | Monday | Arabic | الإثنين / al-Ithnayn |
| spanduk | sepanduk | banner | Dutch | spandoek |
| sekolah | school | Greek | σχολή skholē |
| sepatu (mainly in Indonesian usage) | shoe | Portuguese | sapato |
| serigala | wolf | Sanskrit | śṛgāla शृगाल "jackal" |
| seteru | adversary, enemy | Sanskrit | śatru शत्रु |
| singa | lion | Tamil, Sanskrit | ciṅgam சிங்கம், siṁha सिंह |
| sejarah | history | Arabic | شجرة shajarah 'tree' |
| serdadu | soldadu (obsolete) | soldier | Portuguese | soldado |
| stadion | stadium | stadium | Greek | στάδιον / stádion "running race in the Ancient Olympics" |
| status | status | Latin | status |
| sopir | supir (dialectal/Indonesian) | driver | French | chauffeur |
| syariah | Islamic law | Arabic | الشريعة / sharīʻah |
| syukur | thankful | Arabic | شكر / shukr / Şükür |
| surga | syurga | heaven | Sanskrit | svargam |
| sistem | system | English | system |
| suci | clean, pure | Sanskrit | śuci शुचि 'clean' |
| suka | happiness | Sanskrit | sukha |
| sula | to impale | Sanskrit | śūla शूल stake, spear, pike |
| syor | recommendation | Mandarin | 說,说 / shuō |
| surya | suria | sun | Sanskrit | sūrya |
| takhta | throne | Persian | تخت / takht 'platform' |
| tangki | tank | Portuguese | tanque |
| tanglong | lantern | Hokkien | 燈籠,灯笼 / tanglong |
| topan | taufan | typhoon | Persian | طوفان |
| taoge | taugeh | bean sprouts | Hokkien | 豆芽,豆芽 / tāu-gê |
| tahu | tauhu | bean curd | Hokkien | 豆腐 / tāu-hū |
| tarikh | date | Arabic | تاريح / tārīkh |
| teh | black tea | Hokkien | 茶乌,茶烏 / tê-oo |
| teja (archaic) | magnificence, splendor, radiance | Sanskrit | tejas तेजस् 'sharp edge, glow, splendor' |
| taksi | teksi | taxi | English | taxi |
| teko | teapot | Hokkien | 茶壺,茶壶 / tê-ko |
| televisi | television | Dutch | televisie |
| televisyen | television | English | television |
| tembaga | copper | possibly Sanskrit or Spanish | tāmra ताम्र (Sanskrit) or tumbaga (Spanish). The Spanish word rather refers to a copper-gold alloy. |
| tempo | tempoh | period | Portuguese | tempo "time" |
| topi | hat | Hindi | टोपी ṭopī |
| tuala | towel | Portuguese | toalha |
| tukar | to exchange | Portuguese | trocar |
| universitas | universiti | university | Latin | universitas |
| unta | camel | Hindi | ऊँट ūṇṭ < Sanskrit उष्ट्र uṣṭra |
| upacara | ritual | Sanskrit | उपचार upacāra 'approach; service' |
| utama | main | Sanskrit | uttama उत्तम "principal" (adj.) |
| utara | north | Sanskrit | uttara |
| waham | delusion | Dutch | wanen |
| waktu | time | Arabic | وقت / waqt |
| wangsa | dynasty | Sanskrit | vaṃśa वंश "lineage, race" - cf. "bangsa" |
| wanita | woman | Sanskrit | वनिता vanitā 'wished for, desired; beloved woman' |
| warna | colour | Sanskrit | varṇa |
| warta | news | Sanskrit | vārttā वार्त्ता |
| zarafah | zirafah | giraffe | Arabic and English | زرافة / zarāfah |
2019年11月20日星期三
List of loanwords in Malay
2019年11月12日星期二
Common signs
Common signs
BUKA
Open
TUTUP
Closed
MASUK
Entrance
KELUAR
Exit
TOLAK
Push
TARIK
Pull
TANDAS
Toilet
LELAKI
Men
WANITA / PEREMPUAN
Women
DILARANG MASUK
No Entry
DILARANG MEROKOK
No Smoking
JALAN SEHALA
One way traffic
BUKA
Open
TUTUP
Closed
MASUK
Entrance
KELUAR
Exit
TOLAK
Push
TARIK
Pull
TANDAS
Toilet
LELAKI
Men
WANITA / PEREMPUAN
Women
DILARANG MASUK
No Entry
DILARANG MEROKOK
No Smoking
JALAN SEHALA
One way traffic
2019年8月21日星期三
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